{"id":130,"date":"2018-10-13T19:01:59","date_gmt":"2018-10-13T19:01:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/?page_id=130"},"modified":"2018-10-19T12:58:46","modified_gmt":"2018-10-19T12:58:46","slug":"manuscripts","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/sample-page\/manuscripts\/","title":{"rendered":"Manuscripts"},"content":{"rendered":"

The treatise survived to the modern era in two known copies. One copy was probably made in the fifteenth century and was used by Bernhard Moritz for his 1898 B\u016bl\u0101q print edition (Ab\u016b \u2018Uthm\u0101n [sic] al-N\u0101bulus\u012b, Ta\u2019r\u012bkh al-Fayy\u016bm wa-bil\u0101dihi<\/em>, ed. by\u00a0Bernhard Moritz [al-Q\u0101hira: al-Ma\u1e6dba\u02bfa al-\u02beAhliyya, 1898]). The location of that manuscript is now unknown. A\u00a0copy of it was made in Cairo in 1897 in connection with Moritz\u2019s edition (Cairo D\u0101r al-Kutub 1594). Since the original was lost, we know nothing about the circumstances in which it was made, and whether it was the fiscal elements or the historical and literary aspects which attracted the attention of a Mamluk-era copyist.<\/p>\n

We know more about the second copy, Ayasofia 2960, made in the middle of the sixteenth century and presented to J\u0101nim min Qa\u1e63r\u016bh, an amir who served as the inspector of Royal Dikes (k\u0101shif al-jus\u016br al-sul\u1e6d\u0101niyya<\/em>) in the Fayyum and al-Bahnas\u0101 under the Ottoman administration. As shown by Wakako Kumakura, the treatise was copied in the context of an Ottoman tax survey of twenty-seven Fayyumi villages made in 923\/1517\u201318, the first year of Ottoman rule in Egypt.[1]<\/a> The copy of this Ottoman survey is found immediately following al-N\u0101bulus\u012b\u2019s treatise (fols\u00a0172v\u2013175v). The 27 villages included in the Ottoman survey are those which at the time of the Ottoman conquest paid at least some of their taxes to D\u012bw\u0101n al-Dhakh\u012bra, the bureau managing assets under the direct control of the last Mamluk sultans.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

The Ayasofia copy of the Villages of the Fayyum contains 171 folios, written in multiple types of ink \u2014 usually names of villages and categories of taxes appear in red or grey. Names of villages are also written in a more stylized calligraphy than the rest of the text. There are catch words at the bottom left, and a few marginal notes added by later readers. The Ayasofia manuscript was derived from the same Mamluk-era copy used by Moritz, or from a shared source, as is demonstrated by a pattern of similar copyist mistakes found in both MP and AS.<\/p>\n

Moritz\u2019s printed edition is far more reliable, with fewer copyist mistakes and no omissions. This is in part because the Mamluk-era manuscript available to him, now lost, was of superior quality compared to the sixteenth-century Ottoman one. This is attested by the D\u0101r al-Kutub manuscript, copied in 1897 from the Mamluk-era manuscript, which is largely in line with Moritz\u2019s edition.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Wakako Kumakura, \u2018Tax Survey Records of the First Year of the Ottoman Rule in Egypt, Contained in the Ayasofia Manuscript with Fakhr al-D\u012bn \u02bfUthm\u0101n al-N\u0101buls\u012b\u2019s Ta\u02ber\u012bkh al-Fayy\u016bm\u2019, Journal of Asian and African Studies<\/em>, 89 (2015), 79\u2013118 (in Japanese, with edited Arabic text).<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> On D\u012bw\u0101n al-Dhakh\u012bra, see Daisuke Igarashi, Land Tenure, Fiscal Policy and Imperial Power in Medieval Syro-Egypt<\/em> (Chicago: Middle Eastern Documentation Center, 2015).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The treatise survived to the modern era in two known copies. One copy was probably made in the fifteenth century and was used by Bernhard Moritz for his 1898 B\u016bl\u0101q print edition (Ab\u016b \u2018Uthm\u0101n [sic] al-N\u0101bulus\u012b, Ta\u2019r\u012bkh al-Fayy\u016bm wa-bil\u0101dihi, ed. by\u00a0Bernhard Moritz [al-Q\u0101hira: al-Ma\u1e6dba\u02bfa al-\u02beAhliyya, 1898]). The location of that manuscript is now unknown. A\u00a0copy […] Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":0,"parent":2,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-130","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":144,"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/130\/revisions\/144"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.history.qmul.ac.uk\/ruralsocietyislam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}